THE
CHRISTIAN KINGDOMS
How did the Christian kingdoms begin?
1. What was conquered by the Muslims in the Iberian
Peninsula?
2. Say the two kingdoms that lead the Reconquest, and
where they were?
3. What was the evolution in the kingdom of Asturias?
4. Who was Pelayo, and what he did?
5. What did Alfonso III?
How did Castile evolve?
6. Say the three independent regions were formed when the
Carolingian Empire dissolved.
7. Who and where was Fernán González?
8. Who and what did Vifredo el Velloso (Wilfred the
Hairy)?
9. What are the Pyrenean region kingdoms, counties, etc?
10. How was Castile governed and who did govern it?
The art of the Christian kingdoms
11. How many kinds of art do you know in the Christian
kingdoms? What are they?
12. Explain the use and the type of art of Santa María del
Naranco
13. What is a “beatus”, and explain its origin (what art?)
14. Explain the meaning of the name “mudejar”. Make the
relation with “mozarab”
15. Where can we find Mudejar and Mozarabic art (just one
country)? What cities?
How did the Christian kingdoms
advance?
16. Where did the Christian kingdoms advance?
17. What the “repopulation” is?
18. How did the repopulation in the Duero valley?
19. What a “fuero” is?
20. The military orders: what they were, their work, and
which. See picture page 60.
21. What did happen in Las Navas de Tolosa? What year?
22. Define the three main cultures in Christian
territories
How did the crown of Castile
evolve?
23. Ferdinand III: his main fact.
24. The Mesta:
25. Explain the trade fairs. Examples.
26. The Crown of Aragón was created…
27. The crown of Aragón conquered…
28. The crown of Aragón was made up of…
29.
The
King of Aragón could establish new taxes or laws if… (if he had the approval…)
30. Say the types of art we can find in Aragón in this time.
31. Main institutions in Aragon territories
THE
AGE OF DISCOVERY
Why were the discoveries made?
1. What did Europeans know about the world in the 15th
century?
2. Say the technical advances which improved navigation
(5 at least)
3. Why Europeans had to search for new routes to Asia?
How?
What were the new sea routes?
4. Portugal discovered…
5. Bartolomé
Díaz…, and Vasco de Gama…
How
was America discovered?
6. Columbus thought he had reached ( ) on (date)
7. Fernando
Magellan and Juan Sebastián Elcano did want…
8. Fernando Magellan and Juan Sebastián Elcano were the
first to…
What were the consequences of the discoveries?
9. Treaty of Tordesillas… (very important)
10. The contact between different peoples: diseases…
POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC
CHANGE
Why did the economy and population grow?
1. Why do we say the
recovery of the population in the 15th century? What did happen
in the 14th century?
2. What can you say about the banks?
3. Say, at least, five influential cities, talking trade
How did society change?
4. The three estates: make a summary
 |
Monarchs
Nobles and clergy
Bourgeoisie
Peasants
How did new states emerge?
5. How European monarchs reduced the power of the
nobility, church, and parliaments? (4 ways)
6. Which are the great kingdoms in Europe, and tell the
monarchs of each one?
What were the Spanish kingdoms?
7. Say the five large territories in the Iberian
Peninsula.
8. Explain the Dynastic union. Explain the meaning too.
(This is the birth of SPAIN)
9. Could we say that Castile and Aragon, together, had
same laws?
How did the Catholic Monarchs rule?
10. The “Holy Brotherhood”, created by the Catholic
Monarchs, is a judicial police force, to fight against
bandits
and the abuses of the nobility
11. The “Royal Council” is the highest judicial body
12. The Catholic Monarchs appointed “corregidores” in
order to establish royal authority
in the towns
13. Say, in order, the Territorial expansion of the
Catholic Monarchs.
14. Explain the next terms: “conversos”, “mudejars”,
“moriscos”.
RENAISSANCE AND
REFORMATION
What was the Renaissance?
1. The Renaissance is…
2. Say the main features of the humanism (4)
3. The printing press
4. Greatest humanists are…
How did science and art developed?
5. The heliocentric theory… (author)
6. The geocentric theory… (author)
7. Which are the phases of the Renaissance? Explain them:
century, site, country…
What was Renaissance architecture like?
8. Architects tried to…
9. The Quattrocento: main architects, and their
buildings.
10. The Cinquecento: main architects, and their buildings
What was Renaissance painting like?
11. What “sfumato” is? What author did use it? Examples
12. Four great artists of the Cinquecento, and their main
works.
What was Renaissance sculpture like?
13. Say three main sculptors in the Renaissance, and
explain the period.
How did the Renaissance spread outside Italy?
14. Explain the figure of Dürer: What did him, and where?
15. Spanish Renaissance architecture developed its own
styles: explain them, and write examples.
What was the Reformation?
16. What was the Reformation?
17. What did happen to Church right now?
18. What was Calvinism?
19. What was Anglican Church?
20. What was the Counter-Reformation?
THE SPANISH EMPIRE
1. Say, in order, the kings of this period, and their
main features
Who was Charles V?
2. Charles V succeeded to the Spanish throne, because…
3. A vast empire is inherited by Charles I of Spain and V
of Germany…
What was the Revolt of the Comuneros?
4. The revolt of the Comuneros:
What was Charles V’s empire like?
5. The government of a vast empire (Charles I of Spain
and V of Germany):
6. Problems in the Charles’ Empire
What was Philip II’s reign like?
7. Next king after Charles I (V). Explain it
8. The empire of Philip II
9. Philip II as king of Portugal
10. Philip II’s Portugal possessions
11. Why Philip II ruled all his territories from Madrid
12. Main objectives of Philip II’s policies
13. Results of the objectives of Philip II’s policies
What problems did Philip II face?
14. Problems during Philip II’s reign
How did Spain organize its empire in the New World?
15. What kind of expedition we can study in Spain?
16. Expeditions of conquest
17. Expeditions of exploration
18. Organization of the New World Empire
19. Main institutions to rule the new world
Why did Spain lose its supremacy?
20. Philip III’s ruled Spain…
21. Philip III’s foreign policy
22. Philip III’s domestic policy
What were the reigns of Philip IV and Charles II like?
23. Philip IV’s ruled Spain…
24. Philip IV’s foreign policy
25. Philip IV’s domestic policy
Olivares
changed domestic policy:
26. Results of Philip IV’s domestic policy
27. Charles II
Why was there a crisis?
28. Population decline because of…
29. There was an economic recession because of…
30. The Spanish society’s values in this period
What was the situation in Europe?
31. Explain the French supremacy
32. Louis XIV’s foreign policy
33. What about trade in this period?
34. Explain the United Provinces…
Baroque
What was baroque?
- Define “baroque” art.
- Baroque in literature.
- Baroque in music.
- Say and explain two theories in
baroque:
- Why governments did create
academies of sciences?
What was baroque architecture like?
- Baroque buildings were built to , using
the following features:
- Mention of a typical aspect of
Spanish baroque. Example.
- Churrigueresque is…
What was baroque painting like?
- Characteristics of baroque
painting.
- Say the schools you know in
baroque painting, and authors.
- Define “chiaroscuro”
What was the Golden Age of Spanish painting?
- What was the use of the Spanish
painting?
- Characteristics of the Spanish
baroque painting.
- Spanish Baroque painters…, and
masterpieces.
What was baroque sculpture like?
- Characteristics of baroque
sculpture: example
- The baroque sculpture in Spain
- The most important Spanish
baroque sculptors were:
- What is “polychrome”?
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